Indicación de amigdalectomía en pacientes pediátricos por sospecha de trastorno linfoproliferativo postrasplante / Indication for tonsillectomy in pediatric patients with suspected post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder

Un sitio común de hiperplasia linfoidea en los trastornos linfoproliferativos postrasplante (TLPT) son las amígdalas palatinas. Sin embargo, la hipertrofia amigdalina es extremadamente común en niños, lo que dificulta la sospecha de estos trastornos. Se realizó un estudio de una serie de casos de pacientes trasplantados intervenidos de amigdalectomía por sospecha de TLPT en un hospital pediátrico de alta complejidad en Argentina desde enero de 2014 hasta diciembre de 2021. El objetivo de este trabajo es exponer las características clínicas de los pacientes trasplantados a los que se les indicó amigdalectomía con fin diagnóstico de TLPT.

A common site of lymphoid hyperplasia in post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) is the palatine tonsils. However, tonsillar hypertrophy is extremely common in children, which hinders the suspicion of PTLD. A case series of transplanted patients undergoing tonsillectomy for suspected PTLD was conducted at a tertiary care children's hospital in Argentina between January 2014 and December 2021. The objective of this study is to expose the clinical characteristics of transplanted patients who underwent a tonsillectomy to diagnose PTLD

Indication for tonsillectomy in pediatric patients with suspected post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder. / Indicación de amigdalectomía en pacientes pediátricos por sospecha de trastorno linfoproliferativo postrasplante.

A common site of lymphoid hyperplasia in post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) is the palatine tonsils. However, tonsillar hypertrophy is extremely common in children, which hinders the suspicion of PTLD. A case series of transplanted patients undergoing tonsillectomy for suspected PTLD was conducted at a tertiary care children's hospital in Argentina between January 2014 and December 2021. The objective of this study is to expose the clinical characteristics of transplanted patients who underwent a tonsillectomy to diagnose PTLD.

Un sitio común de hiperplasia linfoidea en los trastornos linfoproliferativos postrasplante (TLPT) son las amígdalas palatinas. Sin embargo, la hipertrofia amigdalina es extremadamente común en niños, lo que dificulta la sospecha de estos trastornos. Se realizó un estudio de una serie de casos de pacientes trasplantados intervenidos de amigdalectomía por sospecha de TLPT en un hospital pediátrico de alta complejidad en Argentina desde enero de 2014 hasta diciembre de 2021. El objetivo de este trabajo es exponer las características clínicas de los pacientes trasplantados a los que se les indicó amigdalectomía con fin diagnóstico de TLPT.

Otitis media aguda: prevalencia de otopatógenos en pacientes de un hospital público / Acute otitis media: prevalence of ear pathogens in patients at a public hospital

Introducción y objetivo: La otitis media aguda (OMA) es una de las afecciones más frecuentes en la infancia y es la causa más común de prescripción de antibióticos en pediatría. El método indicado para identificar el germen responsable en OMA es la obtención de material del oído medio para cultivo mediante timpanocentesis. El objetivo de este estudio es describir la prevalencia de gérmenes causantes de OMA en pacientes eutróficos de 1 a 120 meses, que consultaron en un hospital público pediátrico. Método: Se incluyeron pacientes eutróficos con OMA con retención de contenido purulento en oído medio y OMA supurada con drenaje insuficiente de exudado que consultaron al Servicio de Otorrinolaringología de un hospital pediátrico desde mayo del 2009 hasta agosto del 2010. Resultados: Se incluyeron en el estudio 324 pacientes de los cuales 180 (55,6%) eran varones. Mediana de edad: 8 meses (rango intercuartílico: 4-15 meses). OMA bilateral se registró en 109/324 (33,6%) pacientes (se obtuvieron 433 muestras para cultivo).Al momento del diagnóstico 37% (120/324) de los niños recibían antibioticoterapia. De estos, el 59% (71/120) presentaron desarrollo bacteriano en los cultivos. La antibioticoterapia era adecuada en el 71,8% de los casos; en el 28,2% restante no se cubría el espectro del germen aislado. Conclusión: Los microorganismos más frecuentemente aislados fueron Streptococcus pneumoniae (39,5%), Haemophilus influenzae (37,4%), Moraxella catarrhalis (6,1%) y Streptococcus pyogenes (3,0%) (AU)

Background and objective: Acute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most common diseases in childhood and is the most common cause of antibiotic prescriptions in children. The gold standard for identifying the pathogens causing AOM is tympanocentesis. This is only possible in the stage of AOM when exudate is retained in the middle ear. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of organisms causing AOM in eutrophic patients at a public paediatric hospital. Material and methods: We included all patients with AOM diagnosed by otomicroscopy with purulent exudate retained in middle ear and suppurative AOM with inadequate drainage consulting at the Otorhinolaryngology Department in a paediatric tertiary care centre from 2 May 2009 to 31 August 2010. Results: There were 324 patients included in the study, with 180/324 (55.6%) being male. The median age was 8 months (interquartile range: 4 to 15 months). Bilateral AOM was recorded in 109/324 (33.6%) patients (433 samples for culture were obtained by tympanocentesis in 324 patients). At diagnosis, 37% (120/324) of the children had been receiving antimicrobial treatment. Of the patients who had received antibiotics, 71/120 (59.1%) had bacterial growth in middle ear fluid (MEF) cultures, with 51/71 (71.8%) being susceptible to the antibiotic they received; 20/71 (28.2%) patients were receiving an antibiotic that did not cover the spectrum of organisms isolated. Conclusion: The pathogens most frequently isolated are Streptococcus pneumoniae (39.5%), Haemophilus influenzae (37.4%), Moraxella catarrhalis (6.1%) and Streptococcus pyogenes (3.0%) (AU)

[Acute otitis media: prevalence of ear pathogens in patients at a public hospital]. / Otitis media aguda: prevalencia de otopatógenos en pacientes de un hospital público.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Acute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most common diseases in childhood and is the most common cause of antibiotic prescriptions in children. The gold standard for identifying the pathogens causing AOM is tympanocentesis. This is only possible in the stage of AOM when exudate is retained in the middle ear. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of organisms causing AOM in eutrophic patients at a public paediatric hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We included all patients with AOM diagnosed by otomicroscopy with purulent exudate retained in middle ear and suppurative AOM with inadequate drainage consulting at the Otorhinolaryngology Department in a paediatric tertiary care centre from 2 May 2009 to 31 August 2010. RESULTS: There were 324 patients included in the study, with 180/324 (55.6%) being male. The median age was 8 months (interquartile range: 4 to 15 months). Bilateral AOM was recorded in 109/324 (33.6%) patients (433 samples for culture were obtained by tympanocentesis in 324 patients). At diagnosis, 37% (120/324) of the children had been receiving antimicrobial treatment. Of the patients who had received antibiotics, 71/120 (59.1%) had bacterial growth in middle ear fluid (MEF) cultures, with 51/71 (71.8%) being susceptible to the antibiotic they received; 20/71 (28.2%) patients were receiving an antibiotic that did not cover the spectrum of organisms isolated. CONCLUSION: The pathogens most frequently isolated are Streptococcus pneumoniae (39.5%), Haemophilus influenzae (37.4%), Moraxella catarrhalis (6.1%) and Streptococcus pyogenes (3.0%).